Archive for the “Virtualization” Category


The following is only a hypothetical situation and may or may not have actually happened:

You do a P2V of a HP StorageWorks NAS b2000. It goes well, no errors to report. You hook up the VMDKs to your new virtual server, and crank up your new server. You cross your fingers as you click the “Open Console” button. You sigh in relief looking at the “Ctrl+Alt+Del” logon screen of your former physical server.

But, what’s this?

“The server you are running cannot run StorageWorks NAS software properly. You may be in violation of your license agreement. Please contact HP support immediately if you think this message is displayed in error. The server will Blue Screen in one minute.”

You don’t believe it would actually blue screen your file server, what would be madness! A few seconds later, it proves you wrong. Oh no! What to do? Read the rest of this entry »

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The students are back Monday! Teachers have been back in full effect since Wednesday.

I’ve already noticed our old file server ‘going red’ due to CPU usage in Virtual Center with the teachers in session. I’m not sure why.. the server isn’t doing anything but serving files. I’m curious to see how it will hold up with all the students online next week!

Lack of updates has been due to the lack of time to work on anything interesting! I hope things calm down once the students are back in session. We will be working on a large website project to overhaul the school site and intranet pages over this year. Other than virtualization, good web applications are an interest area of mine.

I received an email from Damian Murdoch over at ozvms.com about my Ubuntu and VMware Tools article. So if you came from his site, welcome! I think it’s my most popular article, even VMTN has linked to it! (I really need a proper hit counter for this site!)

If this your first time here, check out the other articles, leave a comment or two, and add my page to your favorite RSS reader! Hope to see you around!

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The following is an email I had sent to a local technology coordinators listserv after someone asked about the free VMware Server. I’m sure I will go into more detail about our recent virtualization project on this blog in the future. Also, I have submitted for a session at the eTech Ohio Conference to discuss virtualization, how we’re using it, and what we learned from our project. I also plan to put together a desktop deployment session, since it seems to be a hot topic in other school districts. Read the rest of this entry »

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Today I deployed my first virtual machine from template using a customization specification. I talked a little bit about them in a previous article.

To start, you need to install Sysprep deep inside VirtualCenter’s CommonAppData folder. I’m not sure why would you would need to download/install ALL of those sysprep version folders. There is one for Sysprep 1.1, Windows 2000, Windows XP, and Windows 2003. I only installed the Windows 2003 SP1 Sysprep tools (there’s a newer one than the CD edition on Microsoft’s website) to the Windows 2003 folder (look at the PDFs linked in the previous article for a specific path).

My template was already syspreped. I created a customization specification. My customization specification was very generic so it will work for almost all of my deployments. I had it ask me at deployment time for static IP, computer name, and such. One bug during the TCP/IP section, it forced me to include a default gateway and an alternate gateway. That seems pretty useless.

I deployed my template, it asked for all the information as I specified. And.. It worked just as I thought it would. It was already booted up by the time I got the console open. I chose not to join the VM to our domain right away in the customization specification, so I logged in and did that manually.

I’m not sure if having my template already syspreped mattered, I haven’t been able to find official instructions on how to make a Windows template and for use with customization specifications. I’ll have to try to deploy a template to a non-syspreped template and see how that works. I may have gotten lucky!

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I keep finding things out about VI3 that I hadn’t read anywhere else. First it was the IDE drive support ‘issue.’ But now, it’s about making templates. I was under the impression that creating a template in VI3 involved: Installing Windows, updating Windows, performing any tweaks, creating a sysprep.inf, running Sysprep with reseal, shutting down VM, and then creating a template by cloning the VM.

Today I stumbled upon a sort-of hidden feature of VI3 called Customization Specifications. As far as I can tell, it allows you to set system settings on the VM as you deploy it from a template. To be more precise, when deploying a Windows VM you can specify the computer name, domain info, and TCP/IP settings (static IPs) for the VM during the process of creating a VM from one of your templates. Much better than having to set those things manually!

I found a document called VirtualCenter 2: Templates Usage and Best Practices on VMware’s website. It has a small section on Customization Specifications but doesn’t go into much detail. I can’t tell if I still need to Sysprep the VM, then this will go in and edit my sysprep.inf or if I just need to stop after updating/tweaking and this will do all the sysprep work for me. That seems to be an important piece of information!

There’s a little more info in the VI3 Basic System Administration PDF. Especially Appendix B, Installing the Microsoft Sysprep Tools.

For such an awesome feature, why do they try to hide it so well?

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Important Notice: This post has been updated using a newer, easier method. Read more here.

I’ve had a really hard time trying to find the way to get VMware Tools on Linux virtual machines, but I’ve got it down to just a few steps. If you’re using a ‘big name’ distribution with a graphical interface, it’s not hard to install. But, I like to use Debian or Ubuntu, without X11 (the aforementioned “graphical interface”), so it’s a pain in the butt.

How to install Vmware Tools on Ubuntu without X11:

  1. Install Ubuntu Server
  2. Login
  3. Create a root shell:sudo bash
  4. Update your sources:apt-get update
  5. Upgrade your installed packages (dist-upgrade to force kernel upgrade):apt-get dist-upgrade
  6. Reboot
  7. Create a root shell again:sudo bash
  8. Install packages VMware Tools needs:apt-get install linux-headers-server build-essential
  9. Install VMware tools
  10. Mount the VMware Tools CD ISO:mount /cdrom
  11. Copy VMware Tools to home:cp /cdrom/VmwareTools-x.x.x-xxxxx.tar.gz ~
  12. Go home:cd ~
  13. Untar/Gzip the install:tar -zxf VmwareTools-x.x.x-xxxxx.tar.gz
  14. Go into the resulting directory:cd vmware-tools-distrib
  15. Start the installer:./vmware-install.pl
  16. Install will ask you questions, the defaults should work fine.
  17. Remove the basic AMD PCnet module (if you get errors about building the ethernet driver, run this command and start at step 14 again):rmmod pcnet32
  18. Rebuild module dependancies:depmod -a
  19. Install the VMware accelerated network interface:modprobe vmxnet
  20. Restart network service:/etc/init.d/networking restart
  21. Reboot

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I wish I had been told about the caveats of importing your old VMware Workstation or Server virtual machines into ESX. VMware always talks about how portable their virtual machines are. They aren’t lying, but once you switch to ESX, it’s not nearly as easy as it is with all of their other products.

I had a few Ubuntu or Debian virtual machines that I had been running on VMware Server. I also tried to copy my Windows XP virtual machine template to the ESX host. No dice. But why?

VMware ESX does not support virtual machine disk files that are IDE. You may only use SCSI disk files with ESX.

There’s not even an official migration or conversion path from IDE to SCSI, or even a reasonable unsupported one.

I wish that fact would have been posted somewhere. I’ve been using VMware Workstation for a long time now and I’ve never read about the IDE disk problem with ESX.

Now I did have a SCSI disk based virtual machine, and it imported pretty easily.

Update: I found two sites to try. I’ll update again if they actually work.

Fingers crossed.

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My boss and I have been thinking the same thing apparently. Last week our ‘big server project’ was implemented and now we have to live with it. We installed a 2 server VMware Infrastucture 3 cluster complete with SAN. The real deal. I have a feeling it is just the start of much more. I’m very, very excited about it all. (Can you tell?)

It’s a big move for us, previous to this we had 8 independent servers, and a NAS (basically a normal server with more drives than the other ones). It wasn’t bad, but it was very inflexible. Now, we can be nimble.

Today my boss and I were looking at VMware training. It only seems natural to get more training on what you’ve gone head first into. We had confidence in the vendor we chose to implement the project, and I think we chose well. So far it has been as smooth as I expected. Now we have to take over the torch, it’s our baby now.

With training generally comes certification. I’m very interested in becoming a VCP after taking the official training sessions. Not for some professional reason, or to make me more ‘marketable.’ I just feel like it’s a topic I’m passionate about, and it would be nice to be able to prove “hey, this guy might just know a thing or two.”

So I’m thinking, sure, I get the knowledge. But then what? At some point I’m going to have our infrastructure needing very low maintenance. There’s going to be a limit of what I can implement in-house.

After having been to a handful of IT and education gatherings, seminars, or conferences, I really have a feeling that my school is just way ahead of others in many ways. Now, I’m only talking at a technology implementation level here. I’ve gotten some dropped jaws describing our previous desktop deployment method to other people in a similar position to mine or my boss. Things we’ve deployed like networking, desktop and application deployment, virtual servers, and wireless are way beyond what some districts have even dabbled with. We’ve been blessed with a large amount of community support and administrators understand the importance of technology. I think the progress we’ve made really illustrates that fact.

Today I made a comment about ’selling’ our service to other districts. I was joking somewhat, but it would be interesting to not be a money pit like the average school district department. A revenue stream in a school district? Who knows. My boss made a comment like it was something she had put some thought into already. We’re both very proud of everything we’ve accomplished so far and even if don’t sell our services and knowledge, we want to show off our stuff. We want to help other school districts, exchange knowledge, and as I said before, perhaps even sell our services.

There lies a problem, she explained. How much support do you give? Where does it end? How much time spent is too much? She thinks it will most likely interfere with the business we need to get done ‘at home’. I don’t disagree, but I think it might be worth it in some way.

It’s a short term goal of mine to offer a session at the eTech Ohio Educational Technology Conference. The whole event is 3 days of seminars/panels/displays from other districts, educators, or vendors. There’s a large exhibition hall where you can see all kinds of products. I was pretty disappointed at the selection last year. It had a lot of vendors, but nothing I actually thought was cool. Cisco was demonstrating products we’ve been using for 2 years already, and didn’t know about products we would actually want. There was a session that focused somewhat on VMware, but only 5 people showed up. 3 of those people were myself, boss, and a coworker.

I think I want to somehow demonstrate how we do things on the IT side of things. How we do it, why we do it that way, and what mistakes we’ve made along the way. I’d like to include desktop and software deployment, virtualization, and web-based software we use. I could also like to describe our next steps into other areas we’re dabbling in, like content and document management.

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